OPEC Fund 50th Anniversary Book

188

REFERENCES

GHOSH — HEALTH

KLASEN — INNOVATION

https:/ data.unicef.org/topic/maternal-health/maternal-mortality/

Ajide, F. M. & Dada, J. T. (2023) Poverty, entrepreneurship, and economic growth in Africa. Poverty & Public Policy. 15(2), 199–226 Flammer, C., Giroux, T. & Heal, G. M. (2025) The Economics of Blended Finance. AEA Papers and Proceedings. 115, 397–402 Lay, J. & Tafese, T. (2025) Africa’s Emergent Tech Sector: Characteristics and Development Implications. Africa Spectrum. 60(1), https:/ doi.org/10.1177/00020397241306454 Singh, S., Niazi, Z. A., Gottschalk, M., Kotei, M. A. & Wimpey, J. S. (2025) MSME Finance Gap: An updated Estimation and Evolution of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Gap in Emerging and Developing Markets. Washington, DC: International Finance Corporation Wetherell, S. G., Klasen, A., Fankhauser, S., Sen, A. & Weidinger, M. (2026) Unlocking DFI-ECA Collaboration for Clean Energy Finance: Diagnostics and Pathways to Improvement. Oxford Smith School Policy Brief. SSEE-PB-1/26

https:/ data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/under-five-mortality/

https:/ pmnch.who.int/news-and-events/events/item/2024/05/29/partner- events/lives-in-the-balance---invest-in-what-matters-making-the-case-for- women-s-children-s-and-adolescent-health-and-well-being

https:/ pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4971452/

https:/ healthpolicy-watch.news/global-health-leaders-urge-fewer-agencies- amid-funding-crisis/#:~:text=Global%20development%20assistance%20 for%20health,opening%20night%20of%20WHS%202025 https:/ blogs.worldbank.org/en/opendata/progress-reducing-maternal- mortality-has-stagnated-and-we-are-not-track-achieve-sdg-target

ALYAHYA — AI AND DEVELOPMENT

https:/ www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/2025-05/WP140_web.pdf

LEBDIOUI — INDUSTRIALIZATION

https:/ www.klecha-co.com/blog/global-investment-trends-scale-and- growth-of-ai-funding

Cherif, R., & Hasanov, F. (2025). Industrial Policy, Asian Miracle Style. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 39(4), 101–125 Athukorala, P., and T.K. Nguyen. (2016). “Vietnam’s Foreign Direct Investment and Export Performance.” In Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Vietnam, edited by J.D. London, 149–163. London: Routledge Akileswaran, K., Hanney, O., & Valenciano Yamuni, A. (2026, January 13). How Costa Rica became an FDI powerhouse. VoxDev Lebdioui, A. (2019). Chile's export diversification since 1960: A free market miracle or mirage?. Development and Change, 50(6), 1624–1663

https:/ www.weforum.org/stories/2026/01/ai-bubble-value-gap/

https:/ reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Public_Impact_of_ GovTech_2025.pdf https:/ www.itu.int/en/mediacentre/Pages/PR-2025-11-17-Facts-and- Figures.aspx

https:/ www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai/executive-summary

https:/ reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs_Report_2025.pdf

Ang, Y. Y. (2016). How China escaped the poverty trap. Cornell University Press

Lebdioui, A. (2024). Survival of the Greenest: Economic Transformation in a Climate-Conscious World. Cambridge University Press Meddeb, R., Lebdioui, A. and Bilek, P. (2025), Navigating the currents of green hydrogen. Towards a human development-centered framework, New York: UNDP. Accessible at: https:/ www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/ files/2025-09/undp-navigating-the-currents-of-green-hydrogen.pdf Harvard Business School, Institute for Business in Global Society, (2025). Amir Lebdioui: Why Adaptability Drives Success in Green Policy. Accessible at: https:/ www.hbs.edu/bigs/amir-lebdioui-tide-center-adaptability-in-green- policy

ORAMAH — MDB ARCHITECTURE

Oramah, B. O. and R. Dzene (2019) Globalization and the Recent Trade Wars: Linkages and Lessons, Wiley Global Trade

OTTAVIANI — DATA SCIENCE

https:/ urboteca.ro/voice-of-kibera/

https:/ codeforafrica.org/

https:/ sensors.africa/

KWON — WELFARE STATE

https:/ open.africa/

Guriev, S. (2018). Economic drivers of populism. AEA Papers and Proceedings OECD. (2025). OECD Employment Outlook 2025: Can We Get Through the Demographic Crunch? OECD Publishing

https:/ www.hotosm.org/en/

https:/ reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/ drc-saving-lives-remote-mapping

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